Instituciones y Organizaciones, Africa
:: AFRICA UNION :: |
| AFRICAN CULTURAL INSTITUTE, 1971-1993 |
| www.africa-union.org |
|
| :: OBSERVATORY OF CULTURAL POLICIES IN AFRICA :: |
| OCPA Secretariat |
| 725, Avenida da Base N’Tchinga |
| P. O. Box 1207, Maputo, Mozambique |
| Tel.: +258 21 418649 • Fax: +258 21 418650 |
| secretariat@ocpanet.org |
| http://ocpa.irmo.hr/resources/policy/index-en.html |
|
| :: ARGELIA . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE :: |
| BP 100 |
| Palais de la Culture “Moufdi Zakaria”, Plateau des Annassers, Kouba |
| Alger |
| Teléfono: +213 2129 1228 |
|
| :: ANGOLA . |
| :: MINISTERIO DA CULTURA, ANGOLA :: |
| Caixa postal 1451 |
| Rua Comandante Gika |
| Luanda |
| Teléfono: +244 222 323979 / Fax: +229 30 70 31 |
| E-mail: mincultura@mincultura.gv.ao |
| http://www.mincultura.gv.ao/ |
|
| :: BENIN . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, DE L’ALPHABÉTISATION ET DE LA PROMOTION DES LANGUES NATIONALS, BENIN :: |
| 01 BP 2037 |
| Cotonou |
| Teléfono: +229 30 70 10/14 |
| http://www.gouv.bj/ |
|
| :: EPA – ECOLE DU PATRIMOINE AFRICAIN :: |
| Teléfono: (229) 20 21 48 38 / Fax: (229) 20 21 21 09 |
| cpa@cpa-prema.net |
| http://www.epa-prema.net/ |
|
| :: BOTSWANA . |
| :: MINISTRY OF YOUTH, SPORT AND CULTURE, BOTSWANA :: |
| P/Bag 00185 |
| Gaborone |
| Teléfono: +267 3909 222 / Fax: 267 3909 227 |
| E-mail: tndzinge@gov.bw |
| http://www.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=154&Itemid=1 |
|
| :: BOTSWANA TOURISM BOARD :: |
| http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/about/arts_and_crafts.html |
| http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/contact_page.html |
|
| :: BURKINA FASO . |
| :: MINISTERE DE LA CULTURE, DES ARTES ET DU TOURISME DE BURKINA FASO :: |
| 03 BP 7007 |
| Ouagadougou 03 |
| Teléfono: +226 50 33 09 63 / Fax: +226 50 33 09 64 |
| http://www.culture.gov.bf |
|
| :: BURUNDI . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA JUENESSE, DES SPORTS ET DE LA CULTURE, BURUNDI :: |
| BP 1095 |
| Bajumbura |
| http://www.burundi.gov.bi |
|
| :: CAMERUN . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE CAMEROON :: |
| PO Box 7161 |
| Yaounde |
|
| :: CREATE – COLLECTIVE RESOURCES FOR THE ARTS AND TALENTS ENRICHMENT, CAMEROON :: |
| PO Box 21 |
| Kumbo-Nso |
| NWP |
| Teléfono: +237 753 69 70 |
| E-mail: createartsorg@yahoo.com |
| http://www.createinfo.net.ms |
|
| :: THE PRESIDENCY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON – CULTURE :: |
| Presidency of the Republic of Cameroon |
| Tel : (237) 2 221 45 75 o (237) 2 220 31 92 o (237) 2 220 13 44 o (237) 2 223 40 25 – Line 43 94 |
| Email : contact@presidenceducameroun.com |
| http://www.presidenceducameroun.com/prc_tv/index.php?intChannelId=41&intVideoId=336 |
|
| :: CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DES ARTS ET DE LA CULTURE, CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC :: |
| BP 573 |
| Bangui |
| Teléfono: +236 61 90 91 |
|
| :: CHAD . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, DE LA JEUNESSE ET DU SPORTS, CHAD :: |
| BP 638 |
| N’Djamena |
|
| :: REPÚBLICA DEL CONGO . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE ET DES ARTS, DR CONGO :: |
| BP 3090 |
| Kinshasa 1 |
|
| :: COSTA DE MARFIL . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE ET DE LA FRANCOPHONIE, COTE D’IVOIRE :: |
| BP V 38 |
| Abidjan |
| Teléfono: +225 21 5248 / Fax: +225 22 5249 |
| http://www.abisjan.net/cotedivoire/presentation/art.htm |
|
| :: EGIPTO . |
| :: MINISTERIO DE CULTURA, EGIPTO :: |
| Kit Kat |
| Khaled Ibn El-Waleed Mosque |
| Cairo |
| Teléfono: +20 2 3748 6957 / Fax: +20 2 3346 1417 |
| E-mail: mculture@idsc.gov.eg |
| http://www.ecm.gov.eg/ |
|
| :: SUPREME COUNCIL OF CULTURE, EGIPTO :: |
| El Gahalaia Street |
| Opera House El Gezira |
| Cairo |
| Teléfono: +20 2 736 8910 / Fax: +20 2 735 8004 |
| http://www.soc.gov.eg |
|
| :: GUINEA ECUATORIAL . |
| :: MINISTRY OF INFORMATION, TOURISM AND CULTURE, EQUATORIAL GUINEA :: |
| Barrio Nzalang |
| (antiguo Africa 2000) |
| Malabo |
| Teléfono: +240 98221 / Fax: +240 92 444 |
| http://www.ceiba-guinea-ecuatorial.org |
|
| :: ERITREA . |
| :: MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND CULTURE, ERITREA :: |
| PO Box 242 |
| Asmara |
| Teléfono: +291 111 7111 / +291 112 4647 |
| http://home.planet.nl/%257Ehans.mebrat/eritrea-government.htm |
|
| :: ETIOPÍA . |
| :: MINISTRY OF YOUTH, SPORTS AND CULTURE, ETHIOPIA :: |
| PO Box 3241/1907 |
| Addis Ababa |
| Teléfono: +251 1 517020 / Fax: +251 1 512889 |
| E-mail: mysc@telecom.et |
| http://www.mysc.gov.et/ |
|
| :: GABON . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE ET DES ARTS DE GABON :: |
| BP 1113 |
| Libreville |
| Teléfono: +241 76 32 33 / Fax: +241 729 166 |
|
| :: GAMBIA . |
| :: NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR ARTS AND CULTURE OF THE GAMBIA :: |
| PMB 151 |
| Banjul |
| Teléfono: +220 229 543 / Fax: +220 227 461 |
|
| :: GHANA . |
| :: NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CULTURE, GHANA :: |
| Private Mail Bag |
| Ministries Post Office |
| Accra |
| Teléfono: +233 21 66 1030 |
| E-mail: info@ghanaculture.gov.gh |
| http://www.ghanaculture.gov.gh |
|
| :: MINISTERIO DE CULTURA, GHANA :: |
| P. O. Box 1627, State House, Accra, Ghana |
| Teléfono: (+233-21) 685012 / Fax: (+233-21) 678361 |
| E-mail: chieftancycultur@yahoo.com |
| http://www.ghana.gov.gh/ghana/ministry_culture_chieftaincy.jsp |
|
| :: KENYA . |
| :: BOMAS OF KENYA :: |
| PO Box 40689 |
| Nairobi |
| Teléfono: +254 20 891 391 / Fax: +254 2 891 408 |
|
| :: MINISTERIO DE PATRIMONIO Y CULTURA NACIONALES, KENYA :: |
| Kencom House, 1st and 2nd Floor, P.0. Box 49849-00100 |
| Nairobi, Kenya |
| Teléfono: 254-20-2250576 / Fax: 254-20-316178 |
| E-mail: ps@nationalheritage.go.ke |
| http://www.nationalheritage.go.ke |
|
| :: MADAGASCAR . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DES SPORTS, DE LA CULTURE ET DES LOISIRS, MADAGASCAR :: |
| Bâtiment Central |
| Ambohijatovo, Place Goulette |
| Antanaanarivo 101 |
| Teléfono: +261 20 26 095 86 |
| E-mail: dsi@mscl.gov.mg |
| http://www.sport.gov.mg/ |
|
| :: MALAWI . |
| :: MINISTRY OF TOURISM, WILDLIFE AND CULTURE, MALAWI :: |
| Lingadzi House |
| Private Bag 384 |
| Lilongwe 3 |
| Teléfono: +265 1 774 999 / Fax: +265 1 771 018 |
| E-mail: sports@malawi.gov.mw |
| http://www.malawi.gov.mw/ |
|
| :: MALI . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, MALI :: |
| BP 4075 |
| Korofina |
| Bamako |
| Teléfono: +223 224 66 63 / Fax: +223 224 57 27 |
| E-mail: info@culture.gov.ml |
| http://www.culture.gov.ml/ |
|
| :: MAURITANIA . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, DE LA JEUNESSE ET DES SPORTS, MAURITANIA :: |
| BP 2964 |
| Nouakchott |
| http://www.mauritania.mr |
|
| :: MINISTRY OF ARTS AND CULTURE, MAURITIUS :: |
| Renganaden Seeneevassen Building, 7th Floor |
| CNR Pope Hennessy and Maillard Streets |
| Port Louis |
| Teléfono: +230 211 0681 / Fax: +230 212 9366 |
| E-mail: moac@mail.gov.mu |
| http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/mac |
|
| :: MOROCCO . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, MOROCCO :: |
| 1, rue Ghandi |
| Rabat |
| Teléfono: +212 37 209494 / Fax: +212 37 209401 |
| E-mail: minculture@menara.net.ma |
| http://www.minculture.gov.ma |
|
| :: MOZAMBIQUE . |
| :: MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN Y CULTURA, MOZAMBIQUE :: |
| Av. 24 Julio 1921 3A Flat 3 |
| Maputo |
|
| :: CEDARTE – CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS Y DESENVOLVIMIENTO DE ARTESANOS, MOZAMBIQUE :: |
| CP1695 |
| Maputo |
|
| :: NAMIBIA . |
| :: NATIONAL ARTS COUNCIL OF NAMIBIA :: |
| PO Box 149 |
| Windhoek |
| Teléfono: +264 61 307451 / Fax: +264 61 307450 |
| E-mail: nacn@iway.na |
| http://artscouncilnam.org/ |
|
| :: NIGERIA . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE ET DES ARTS, NIGER :: |
| BP215 |
| Niamey |
| Teléfono: +72 41 31 / Fax: +72 23 36 |
|
| :: NATIONAL CONGRESS FOR ARTS AND CULTURE, NIGERIA :: |
| PMB 252 |
| Abuja Arts Centre, Festival Road |
| Garki – Abuja |
| Teléfono: +234 9 234 2360 / Fax: +234 9 234 2360 |
| E-mail: info@ncac.gov.ng |
| http://www.ncac.gov.ng/ |
|
| :: RUANDA . |
| :: MINISTRY OF YOUTH, CULTURE AND SPORT, RWANDA :: |
| PO box 1044 |
| Kigali |
| Teléfono: +250 583527 / Fax: +250 583518 |
| http://www.minispoc.gov.rw/ |
|
| :: SENEGAL . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE ET DE LA FRANCOPHONIE, SENEGAL :: |
| BP 4001 |
| Dakar |
| Teléfono: +221 822 9549 / Fax: +221 822 1638 |
| http://www.culture.gouv.sn/ |
|
| :: MINISTÉRE DE L’INDUSTRIE ET DE L’ARTISANAT, SENEGAL :: |
| BP 4037 |
| Dakar RP |
| http://www.gouv.sn |
|
| :: SUDÁFRICA . |
| :: DEPARTAMENTO DE ARTES Y CULTURA, SUDÁFRICA :: |
| Private Bag X 897 |
| Pretoria 1 |
| Teléfono: +27 12 441 3000 / Fax: +27 12 441 3699 |
| http://www.dac.gov.za/ |
|
| :: ARTSLINK :: |
| PO Box 809 |
| Houghton |
| Johannesburg 2041 |
| http://www.artslink.co.za |
|
| :: CITY OF JOHANNESBURG, ARTS, CULTURE AND HERITAGE SERVICES :: |
| Joburg Newton Building |
| No 2 President Street |
| Newton |
|
| http://www.joburg.org.za |
|
| :: SUDAN . |
| :: MINISTRY OF CULTURE, YOUTH AND SPORT, SUDAN :: |
| Al Gamma Avenue |
| Khartoum |
| http://www.sudan.gov.sd/en |
|
| :: TANZANIA . |
| :: MFUKO WA UTAMADUNO TANZANIA – TANZANIA CULTURE TRUST FUND :: |
| PO Box 23028 |
| Dar es Salaam |
| Teléfono: +225 22 266 6797 / Fax: +255 22 266 8899 |
| E-mail: info@mfuko.or.tz |
| http://www.mfuko.org.tz/ |
|
| :: BASATA: NATIONAL ARTS COUNCIL, TANZANIA :: |
| PO Box 4779 |
| Dar es Salaam |
| Teléfono: +255 22 286 3748 / Fax: +255 22 2860486 |
| E-mail: basata06@yahoo.com |
| http://basata-tz.org |
|
| :: TOGO . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, DU TOURISME ET DES LOISIRS DE TOGO :: |
| BP 40 |
| Lomé |
| Teléfono: +228 221 22 47 / Fax: +228 222 42 28 |
| http://www.republicoftogo.com |
|
| :: TUNISIA . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE ET DE LA SAUVEGARDE DU PATRIMOINE, TUNISIA :: |
| 8 rue 2 mars 1934 |
| La Kasbah |
| Tunis 1006 |
| Teléfono: +216 71 562 661 / Fax: +216 71 563 006 |
| E-mail: mcu@ministeres.tn |
| http://www.culture.tn/ |
|
| :: TUNISIA MINISTRY OF TRADE AND HANDICRAFTS :: |
| 37, Av Keireddine Pacha – 1002 Tunis |
| Teléfono: (+216) 71 890 337 ; 71 890 070 / Fax: (+216) 71 781 324 |
| E-mail: mcmr@ministeres.tn |
| http://www.commerce.gov.tn |
|
| :: UGANDA . |
| :: UGANDA NATIONAL CULTURAL CENTRE :: |
| PO Box 3187 |
| Kampala |
| Teléfono: +256 41 254567/8 |
| E-mail: info@culturalcentre.or.ug |
| http://www.ugandanationalculturalcentre.org |
|
| :: ZAMBIA . |
| :: NATIONAL ARTS COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA :: |
| PO Box 10463 |
| Upper East Road, Mount Pleasant |
| Harare |
| Teléfono: +263 4 304 510/ Fax: +263 4 304 510 |
| E-mail: natarts@zol.co.zw |
| http://www.natartszim.co.zw/ |
|
| :: ZIMBABWE . |
| :: CULTURE FUND OF ZIMBABWE TRUST :: |
| PO Box A762 |
| Avondale |
| Harare |
| Teléfono: +263 4 794 211 |
| http://www.culturefund.org.zw/index.php |
|
| :: GUINEA . |
| :: MINISTÉRE DE LA CULTURE, DES ARTS ET LOISIRS, GUINEA :: |
| BP 262 |
| Conakry |
| Teléfono: +224 44 3501 / Fax: +244 41 1926 |
| http://www.guinee.gov.gn |
|
| :: CAPE VERDE . |
| :: MINISTRY OF CULTURE, CAPE VERDE :: |
| PO Box 76 |
| Praia |
| Teléfono: +238 61 34 84 / Fax: +238 61 34 84 |
| http://www.governo.cv/ |
|
| ::: CULTURE LINK ::: |
| http://www.culturelink.org/index.html |
| IMO, Vukotinoviceva 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, tel:+385-1-4877460, fax:+385-1-4828361, clink@irmo.hr, http://www.culturelink.org |
|
| ::: REGIONAL AND SUB-REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ::: |
|
| African Development Bank (ADB), Ivory Coast |
| Bank of Central African States (BEAC), Cameroon |
| Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), Zambia |
| Central Bank of West African States, Senegal |
| Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS/CEDEAO), Nigeria |
| Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC), Central African Republic |
| Organization for the Harmonization of African Business Law (OHADA), Cameroon |
| Southern African Development Community (SADC), Botswana |
| SADC Sector for Culture, Information and Sport (SACIS), Mozambique |
| West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Burkina Faso |
| Union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA), Morocco |
| West African Development Bank, Togo |
|
| ::: REGIONAL AND NATIONAL CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS ::: |
|
| African Itinerant College for Culture and Development (AICCD) |
| African Books Collective |
| AGORO Ghanaian-Danish cultural collaboration |
| Artslink – South African Arts and Culture Hub |
| ASEPIC |
| Association des Liaisons Méditerranéennes |
| Centre for Linguistic and Historical Studies through the Oral Tradition |
| CELTHO |
| CERDAS |
| CICIBA |
| Collective Resources for the Arts and Talents Enrichment (CREATE), Cameroon |
| Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) |
| Regional Centre for Cultural Action (CRAC) |
| Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa |
| EACROTANAL |
| School of Librarians, Archivists and Documentalists (EBAD) |
| FESPAD |
| FESPAM |
| Groupe 30 Afrique |
| International Center for Bantu Civilizations |
| International Council of African Museums (AFRICOM) |
| Institut des Peuples Noirs (IPN) |
| National Arts Council of Zimbabwe |
| Regional Centre for Cultural Action |
| Pan African Association of Anthropologists |
| Pan African Institute for Development |
| Source de la mémoire et identité culturelle |
| Southern African Cultural Information System (SACIS) |
|
| ::: OTHER INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ::: |
|
| Africalia |
| African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) |
| African Institute for Economic Development and Planning (IDEP) |
| African Studies Association (ASA) |
| Agence francophone pour l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche (AUPELF) |
| Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF) |
| AllAfrica Global Media |
| Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO) |
| Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) |
| Association Française d’Action Artistique (AFAA) |
| British Council |
| Club du Sahel |
| Commonwealth |
| Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) |
| Council of Europe |
| Enda Third World |
| European Development Fund |
| European Union |
| Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) |
| International Council of African Museums (AFRICOM) |
| International Council of Museums (ICOM) |
| International Council on Archives (ICA) |
| International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) |
| International Dance Council (CID) |
| International Development Research Centre (IDRC) |
| International Theatre Institute (ITI) |
| Islamic Development Bank (IDB) |
| Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) |
| League of Arab States |
| Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) |
| Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (OEI) |
| Pan African Society for Musical Arts Education (PASMAE) |
| Union Latine |
| United Nations |
| United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) |
| UNDP Human Development Reports |
| United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) |
| United Nations Information Centres (UNIC) – directory |
| United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa (UN-NADAF) |
| United Nations University (UNU) |
| UNU Priority Africa |
| World Bank Group |
| World Bank Sub-Saharan Africa Home Page |
| World Bank Culture-Poverty Learning & Research Program |
|
| ::: MINISTRIES AND AGENCIES OF DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION ::: |
|
| Agence Française de Développement (AfD), formerly the CFD |
| Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) |
| Commission for Africa (UK) |
| Coopération internationale et développement, France – diplomatie |
| Cultural Dimension of Development Co-operation, Department for International Developmet Cooperation, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland |
| DANIDA, Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs |
| Danish Ministry of Cooperation for Development |
| Department of Culture and Youth, Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs, Government of Botswana |
| Direction du développement et de la coopération suisse |
| Dutch Ministry for Development Cooperation (DGIS) |
| Federal Gateway to the United States International Development Cooperation Agency (IDCA) |
| global.finland, Department for International Developmet Cooperation, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland |
| German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) |
| German Foundation for International Development (DSE) |
| German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) |
| Ministry of Culture, Ivory Coast |
| Ministry of Culture, Republic of Mali |
| Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) |
| South African Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology (DACST) |
| Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) |
| Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) |
| Swiss Commission for Research Partnerships with Developing Countries (KFPE) |
| United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) |
| United States Agency for International Development (USAID) |
|
| ::: NETWORKS AND RESEARCH CENTRES ::: |
|
| African Publishers Network (APNET) |
| African Publishers Network Research and Documentation Centre (ARDC) |
| African Studies Center – Michigan State University |
| African Studies Center – University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences |
| African Studies Programs, Universities & Research Centers |
| Bellagio Publishing Network – international solidarity network for publishing and book development in the south |
| Broadcasting Regulation and Cultural Diversity Network (BRCD) |
| Center for Arts and Culture – think tank for arts and cultural issues |
| Congress of Cultural Actors in West Africa (CCAWA) |
| ConnectCP, the who’s who of cultural policy, planning and research |
| CULTURELINK, Network of Networks for Research and Cooperation in Cultural Development |
| Departement of Cultural Heritage Management, Léopold Senghor University |
| ERICarts, European Research Institute for Comparative Cultural Policy and the Arts |
| Ethno-Net Africa, network for comparative studies, monitoring and evaluation of ethnic conflicts and social transformation in Africa |
| Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) Africa |
| International Centre Basile Kossou, For Culture, Peace and Developpement |
| International Centre for the Promotion of Crafts (CIPA), Morocco |
| International Network of Observatories of Cultural Policies |
| Inter-Network Rural Developement |
| Royal Tropical Institute (KIT) Culture and Development Portal |
| School of African Heritage, Benin |
| Senghor University of Alexandria – International University of French Language at the Service of African Development |
| World Bank Network for Culture and Development |
| World Observatory on the Social Status of the Artist / Observatoire sur la condition sociale de l’artiste |
|
| ::: NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ::: |
|
| Africa C.I.O.F.F. – International Council of Organizations of Folklore Festivals and Folk Art |
| Botswana Society for the Arts – non-profit society |
| African and International Cultural and Artistic Non-Governmental Organizations |
|
| ::: MUSEUMS ::: |
|
| Coptic Museum, Egypt |
| Durban Art Gallery, South Africa |
| Musée historique d’Abomey, Benin |
| Musée National des Arts d’Afrique et d’Océanie, Paris, France |
| National Museums of Kenya |
| National Museum of Namibia |
| National Natural History Museum, Tanzania |
| West African Museums Programme (WAMP) |
|
| © 2001-2009 OCPA. All rights reserved. | Web editor: A. I. Ivir | Last modified: 2009-09-16 |